This review describes a method of analyzing acid–base disorders that incorporates insights from the traditional, bicarbonate-centered model and the Stewart (or strong ion) model (Table 1). 1–6 ...

Diet can affect the acid–base status depending on the balance between the intake of acid-inducing foods and base-inducing foods. The purpose of this study was to estimate the dietary acid load and ...

Ammonium excretion is often estimated using urinary anion gap (UAG) and osmolality gap (UOG) when direct measurement is unavailable, particularly in patients with impaired kidney function. We aimed to ...

Internal acid–base homeostasis is fundamental for maintaining life. Accurate and timely interpretation of an acid–base disorder can be lifesaving, but the establishment of a correct diagnosis may be ...