In algorithms, as in life, negativity can be a drag. Consider the problem of finding the shortest path between two points on a graph — a network of nodes connected by links, or edges. Often, these ...

Fuzzy optimization for shortest path problems addresses uncertainty in network weights by representing arc costs with fuzzy numbers rather than crisp values. By extending classical algorithms—such as ...

If you want to solve a tricky problem, it often helps to get organized. You might, for example, break the problem into pieces and tackle the easiest pieces first. But this kind of sorting has a cost.